TExES Social Studies Content Practice Exam 2025 - Free Practice Questions and Study Guide

The rediscovery of Greek culture during the Dark Ages is most closely associated with the Crusades. During these military campaigns starting in the late 11th century, European knights traveled to the Eastern Mediterranean, coming into contact with the sophisticated societies of the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world, where Greek philosophical texts and scientific works had been preserved and studied. This exchange led to a renewed interest in classical knowledge among Europeans, significantly influencing the later intellectual revival known as the Renaissance. The culture, ideas, and manuscripts encountered during the Crusades helped to revive and spread Greek philosophy, literature, and science throughout Europe, marking an important turning point in the cultural history of the Western world.

While the other options are pivotal events in European history, they do not directly correlate with the revival and rediscovery of Greek culture in the way the Crusades do. The Thirty Years' War was primarily a religious and political conflict that did not focus on cultural revival, the Napoleonic Wars largely reshaped Europe politically and militarily without the same emphasis on classical philosophy and knowledge, and the Sack of Rome by Alaric primarily contributed to the decline of Roman power rather than a revival of Greek culture.